By that measure, mankind is playing out of its evolutionary league.

This little equation is evolutionary biology s version of e mc2.

By 1985, the argument has been taken up by opponents of evolutionary theory.

If goodness is a problem, then the answer or at the least part of the answer can be found in evolutionary biology.

Well, to end on a very positive note, I think evolutionarily speaking, this is probably a fairly good thing, in the end.

In 1976, in his book The Selfish Gene , Richard Dawkins suggested applying biological evolutionary theories to the spread of ideas.

He coined the term meme to describe an abstract unit of selection, equivalent to the gene in evolutionary biology.

In some generative philosophies of cognitive sciences and evolutionary psychology, free will is assumed not to exist.

Now, there's more good news that came along later in evolution, a second kind of evolutionary logic.

As is typical in science, each new discovery in evolutionary biology raises as many questions as it answers.

I'm moving very quickly over a number of disciplines. In biology, the notions of symbiosis, group selection, evolutionary psychology are contested, to be sure.

Understanding the perceptual system in evolutionary terms makes it possible to uncover the processes that determine our awareness of objects moving in space.

Among the most interesting challenges in evolutionary biology is the attempt to identify the molecular mechanisms of gene expression that drive morphological evolution.

The view of many researchers is that many human behaviors can be explained in terms of humans' brains, genes, and evolutionary histories.

Now, in the evolution game here, the creature scale, basically you have to eat, survive, and then reproduce. You know, very Darwinian.

We don't really think of the evolutionary need to be protected by our senses, but that's probably why our senses really evolved to keep us safe, to allow us to live.

When a virus has been associated with its host for a very long time, it mutates to a form that grows well without killing its host, which would be a pointless outcome from an evolutionary standpoint.

Here physics introduces scales of distances, atoms to galaxies, scales of time, nanoseconds to centuries, and scales of energy from electron volts to megajoules. These orders of magnitude require metaphors and repetition, but they serve as crucial concepts in our world, especially in cosmology and in evolutionary biology.

These orders of magnitude require metaphors and repetition, but they serve as crucial concepts in our world, especially in cosmology and in evolutionary biology.

We now know that chimpanzee society is male bonded, and there is ample evidence of territorial warfare between communities. The initial discovery arose from the assumption that chimpanzees, so close in evolution to humans, could not be as individualistic as Western science supposed.

The initial discovery arose from the assumption that chimpanzees, so close in evolution to humans, could not be as individualistic as Western science supposed.

Indeed, the parallels between cancerous cells and invasive species suggest that the principles for successful cancer therapy might be found not in the magic bullets of microbiology but in the evolutionary dynamics of applied ecology.

There is, after all, no ethical significance in the fact that one method of harming others has existed for most of our evolutionary history, and the other is relatively new.

By contrast, the economists Kurt Dopfer, John Foster, and Jason Potts have developed a Macro Meso Micro theory of evolutionary economics in which an economic system is a population of rules, a structure of rules, and a process of rules.

So it is no surprise that these advances are providing valuable insights into the field of evolutionary biology as well, including evidence supporting the nearly neutral theory of molecular evolution that I developed in 1973.

Pope John Paul II declared his support for the basic science of evolution, and Roman Catholic bishops are strongly in favor of limiting human induced climate change, based on the scientific evidence.

Now we're entering a third great wave of evolutionary history, which has been called many things intentional evolution, evolution by design very different than intelligent design whereby we are actually now intentionally designing and altering the physiological forms that inhabit our planet.

With this shift in focus from reason to emotion, moral philosophy is increasingly giving way to moral psychology, which, by incorporating ideas from evolutionary biology, has more and more to say about human nature and our moral lives.

For most of our evolutionary history, human beings and our primate ancestors have lived in small groups, in which violence could be inflicted only in an up close and personal way, by hitting, pushing, strangling, or using a stick or stone as a club.