Russia s New Stagnation

Stagnant and Paralyzed

Stagnation is the main threat.

Stagnation is not stability.

Stagnation means regression.

Stagnation is a tacit collective choice made by a country s majority.

Egypt s political stagnation has reduced its regional influence.

Chronic stagnation is too high a price to pay for adopting the euro.

Societies that fail to attract foreign brains stagnate.

The inevitable result is persistent high unemployment and labor immobility.

But that continuity is more reminiscent of the zastoi, or stagnation, of the Brezhnev era.

Without such limited agreements, stasis in South Asia is the rule.

But secular stagnation is an ailment of countries at the economic frontier.

Stagnation rather than growth will be the name of the game.

So, whichever side gains the upper hand, authoritarianism and economic stagnation will prevail once again.

For reference, Russia s economy itself this year is expected to be stagnant, plagued by international sanctions and other troubles.

While China and India grow rapidly, most of Africa is stagnating.

The stagnation that had begun during Leonid Brezhnev s rule deepened after his death in 1982.

For the many, by contrast, there has been only secular stagnation, with depressed employment and stagnating wages.

If deadlock and confusion were the only results, such political impasses might be tolerable.

These are essential human rights, and they can be realized only through economic growth, not stagnation.

A national economy that is excluded by sanctions is likely to stagnate or even collapse.

Indeed, the bureaucracy itself is often blamed for the country s rigidity and ongoing stagnation.

Stagnation in computer design is not surprising, considering that familiarity is so comfortable.

As the now ten year old Japanese slump tells us, once deflation and contraction have established themselves, standard policies stop working.

For the average developing country the results were stagnation, widened economic inequalities, climbing unemployment, and increased numbers of poor people. Economic modernization and poverty reduction suffered.

Over the past two years, academics, regulators, economists, and financial institutions have all linked the secular stagnation in demand with greater income inequality.

For the average developing country the results were stagnation, widened economic inequalities, climbing unemployment, and increased numbers of poor people.

But chronic stalemate has confronted many Asian democracies with the threat of being discredited, a potential for violence, and the prospect of economic decline.

Naturally, politicians are reluctant to face up to choices between the unacceptable (permanent stagnation), the unthinkable (leaving the euro), and the hard to do (reform).

The fiscal drag from austerity will be smaller this year, as the European Commission becomes more lenient.

The US is a net debtor with an aging population, unfunded entitlement spending on social security and health care, an anemic economic recovery, and risks of continued monetization of the fiscal deficit. Japan is aging even faster, and economic stagnation is reducing domestic savings, while the public debt is approaching 200 of GDP.

The economy has virtually stagnated, making it impossible for President Lula to advance the social goals on which he had run for office.

Japan is aging even faster, and economic stagnation is reducing domestic savings, while the public debt is approaching 200 of GDP.

The biggest risk to both US and Chinese prosperity is that China s growth stalls, or that it pulls back from further global integration and reforms too slowly.

The region s chronic under investment in education, particularly in science and technology, is partly responsible for its economic stagnation during the past quarter century.

What the EU does now to bridge this fault line will determine whether these countries westernize or stagnate.

By that point, Ukraine s springtime of freedom had already deteriorated into a very visible development standstill, owing to a mixture of incompetence and corruption that cried out for change.

Whereas political stasis supported a development miracle in Japan, the inertia created by Turkey s self interested establishment resulted in a discouraged society with unfulfilled expectations.

Japan's macroeconomic stagnation, of which the fall in the market value of the yen is one symptom, is a disaster, but it is not a currency crisis like those of its neighbors.

Uruguay suffered cruel stagnation from the middle 1950s to the 1970s, brought about by rampant protectionism, irresponsible public finance, and tight exchange controls.

Of the assorted headwinds that he cites, the enormous increase in inequality and the plateau reached in educational attainment represent threats that differentiate America s position from that of other advanced countries.

Latin America s dysfunctional democracy is the result of a pattern of political and economic behavior that condemns Latin America to stagnation, independently of who governs.

Weak external demand is partly responsible for the falloff in growth, but internal factors namely, slowing investment and stagnating consumption are also holding back economic expansion.

The experience of successful reform in the Anglo Saxon and Nordic countries shows that Europe need not be condemned to stagnation, provided that it renounces rigid employment protection. The key to overcoming resistance is to give affected workers grounds to hope that they can find a new job.