Banks would again trust each other, and the inter bank market would be re established.

How Scary Is the Bond Market?

I have been thinking about the bond market for a long time.

In 2002, domestic share issues raised 8.9bn, while banks provided twenty times that amount.

The corporate debt market remains tiny.

And the environment might be things like the stock market or the bond market or the commodities market.

The euro zone s bond and bill markets would complement but not replace individual states existing government bond markets.

Surprisingly, the bond market still seems almost oblivious to this risk.

Indeed, the bond market channel is unlikely to boost growth.

When the crisis started in earnest in August 2007, the ECB reacted quickly and intervened as long as the inter bank market needed support.

As the market for these bonds expands, they must be better labeled and certified.

Hence, the Fed s intervention in the housing market is really an intervention in the government bond market the purported switch from buying mortgages to buying government bonds is of little significance.

But, compared to other asset classes, the market for NFC bonds is relatively thin.

Nevertheless, the market for Japanese Government Bonds (JGBs) has so far remained stable.

Until there is a market for such bonds, we cannot know what the price will be.

He pointed to how the Asian financial crisis in the late 1990 s caused the region s voracious investment demand to collapse, while simultaneously inducing Asian governments to stockpile liquid assets as a hedge against another crisis.

Either way, interest rates would have to fall in order for world bond markets to clear.

A rate hike will come and the bull market will stumble, bond yields will climb and the economy will slip into a recession.

In theory, such banks should be immune to runs, because the interbank market is supposed to be extremely efficient, and risk would be shifted to investors willing to bear it.

The interbank market has almost collapsed, because banks do not trust each other in the same way that we tend not to trust an eager seller of a second hand car.

But in the past two years, other players have entered the market, and volumes have skyrocketed.

So, with the bond market appearing ripe for a dramatic correction, many are wondering whether a crash could drag down markets for other long term assets, such as housing and equities.

And the bond markets will be much more nervous, meaning higher interest payments, which will widen the deficit further.

Japan s public pension funds, which include the world s largest, have dumped local bonds at record rates.

And we came up with this idea of issuing bonds, press freedom bonds.

That is a surprising proposition, given that commodity bonds have an obvious latent market, rooted in real economic fundamentals.

Of course, the discipline of the market is not perfect the bond market does not see implicit future liabilities (like promised pension payments) to any great degree.

MY dividends.

OUR dividends. OURS!

Instead of denominating a loan to Nigeria in terms of dollars, the Bank would denominate it in terms of the price of oil and lay off its exposure to the world oil price by issuing that same quantity of bonds denominated in oil.

If the Bank lends to multiple oil exporting countries, the market for oil bonds that it creates would be that much larger and more liquid.

Our work with data for the years 1952 1971 showed that the long term bond market back then was pretty easy to describe.

The widening spreads between the interest rate on German eurobonds and some of the other countries euro bonds show that global bond markets take this risk seriously.

The government is now seeking to decontrol domestic interest rates, create a more robust domestic bond market, and finally remove capital controls.

The Asian bond market and Asian bonds are thus mechanisms for financing for development that also promote greater regional economic stability.

The market is closed.

Bond markets are easily lulled.

Will the Bond Bubble Burst?

The bonds can be structured to mature (i.e., come due) over 25 years, resulting in level annual debt service requirements.

One could emulate J.P. Morgan, whose standard response to questions about stock prices, bond prices, and interest rates was to say simply, The market will fluctuate.

Now, the CDS market offers a convenient way of shorting bonds, but the risk reward asymmetry works in the opposite way.

The Nationalization Act sought to ensure the discharge of the obligation to pay the face value of the bonds on schedule by means of an amortization fund, which has to be established in the event of a resumption of sugar sales by Cuba to the United States.

Bond lending involves diversified groups of bond holders, including domestic residents, and can be issued under different jurisdictions.

Should Bondholders be Bailed Out?

America s Bond Market Blues