We are quite literally breeding a new generation of disorder.

There are a few clear points amidst the large uncertainties and confusions. First, the US cannot continue borrowing from the rest of the world as it has for the past eight years.

There are a few clear points amidst the large uncertainties and confusions.

Or is this just another example of incompetence and muddle?

What's the effect of that? One is a decline in order.

It was a time of disorder, that is all we know of it.

I think it's time for me to walk away from this mess.

In thermodynamic terms, metabolism maintains order by creating disorder.

For most people, stability, even if imposed by authoritarian means, trumps disorder.

Four years ago, I would have said that the principal source of international economic disorder was made in America.

A still from Shahrzad recreating scenes of the chaos in the streets of Tehran during the period of the 1952 coup d'etat (Source shahrzadseries.com)

Here, the stumbling block is the old style apparatchik Viktor Gerashchenko, Chairman of the Central Bank of Russia, who thrives on the mess.

But if Musharraf manages to get his own PCO judges established in the country, then we will head toward a period of turmoil.

In fact, for many Russians, the declaration of Russia s independence in 1990 represents a low point in the country s history, a year of anarchy and disarray.

After years of strong growth and remarkable resilience, the Union s new member states in the east are being hit hard by the economic turmoil that started in the west.

In addition, ordinary Saudis see the chaos next door in Iraq and do not want the same turmoil at home.

In the midst of all the confusion I ask myself how you carry on when you know, without a shadow of a doubt, that there is no escape.

America s strategy for fixing its financial system is costly and unfair, for it is rewarding the people who caused the economic mess.

A bubble in the American housing market fueled in part by so called sub prime mortgages was the catalyst for today s financial market turbulence.

After initial dislocations, the eventual outcome would fulfill John Maynard Keynes dream of an international currency system in which both creditors and debtors share responsibility for maintaining stability.

First, the euro has eliminated the possibility of exchange rate turbulence and speculative currency attacks that more vulnerable economies could have expected in the current turmoil.

Today, the principal source of international economic disorder is made in China, owing to factions inside its government that hope to avoid a more rapid appreciation of the renminbi s value.

CAMBRIDGE On November 4, Americans will elect their 44th president amidst the worst financial turmoil the country has known since the onset of the Great Depression in 1929. Both candidates are United States senators with little experience as executives, so their ability to manage the crisis has become a central issue in the election.

However, a rival Italian king in the form of Rudolph II of Burgundy meant that Hugh was not in a position to help John, and the next few years were a time of anarchy and confusion in Italy.

If the euro breaks up in disarray, the common market and the EU will be destroyed, leaving Europe worse off than it was when the effort to unite it began, owing to a legacy of mutual mistrust and hostility.

Many of the lessons learned in Rwanda were forgotten or ignored as smaller NGOs with little or no experience in dealing with disasters caused much of the confusion.

While some internal devaluation is being achieved, it is producing so much economic and social dislocation and, increasingly, political upheaval that there is no supply response, despite the accompanying structural reforms.

For when his back is turned he goes about spreading disorder in the land, destroying fields and flocks but God does not love disorder.

The power vacuums that it left behind have produced regional crises most notably, in the Middle East, Ukraine, and the South and East China Seas and have contributed to a wider shift toward instability and disorder.

The world can trust Mr. Rubin's long time deputy, the economist Larry Summers, to keep the ship afloat he knows better than anyone that timely and decisive tax cuts are the way to keep the economy from tumbling. But the most important role now lies clearly with the chairman of the U.S. Federal Reserve, Mr Alan Greenspan he is essential if and when a confidence crises hit asset markets he is essential to keeping credit lines open and markets from freaking out.

The world can trust Mr. Rubin's long time deputy, the economist Larry Summers, to keep the ship afloat he knows better than anyone that timely and decisive tax cuts are the way to keep the economy from tumbling.

It had no choice with financial turmoil threatening to spread from small countries like Greece and Ireland to large ones like Italy and Spain, the euro s very survival was in growing jeopardy.