Gifting altruism.

The Path to Altruism

In other words, if enough relatives receive benefits from altruism to outweigh the cost of altruism, then altruism spreads otherwise, it does not.

Biologists call that reciprocal altruism. OK.

Altruism makes us all better off.

Evolutionary biologists have been almost as interested in this type of altruism, as they have been in kinship based altruism.

The basis for this cooperation must be altruism.

Hamilton s Rule, of course, does not explain all altruism.

And that's why it's the most powerful form of altruism.

And we find chimps are capable of true compassion and altruism.

This, Sering says, is surely not on account of any overflowing altruism.

The sales clerk's commercially motivated solicitude does lack true charity and altruism.

To add insult to injury, self interest has been portrayed as altruism.

Over and over, we see that an analysis of the costs and benefits of altruism, along with the genetic relatedness of interactants, allows us to predict the presence or absence of altruism.

In other words, if enough relatives receive benefits from altruism to outweigh the cost of altruism, then altruism spreads otherwise, it does not. Phrased in the cold language of natural selection, blood relatives are worth helping in direct proportion to their genetic (blood) relatedness, weighted by how great a benefit they received.

They're enriching others, not out of altruism but as a way of enriching themselves.

The mother is the model of all altruism for human beings, in spiritual traditions.

It's a form, if you like, of ecological altruism perhaps something along those lines.

Our generosity, our altruism, our compassion, are all hardwired to the reward mechanism in our brain.

In chimpanzee society, we find many, many examples of compassion, precursors to love and true altruism.

Instead of asking if blood kinship explains everything or nothing about altruism, Hamilton approached the question differently.

It's a form, if you like, of ecological altruism perhaps something along those lines. Maybe it's that.

We looked at smoking and drinking behavior, and voting behavior, and divorce which can spread and altruism.

But this wasn't really out of altruism. This was just out of interest in doing something cool.

A world in which you have few reciprocal partners is a world with a lot less altruism.

Among the more amusing results that have come out of experimental economics are those concerning altruism and selfishness.

Milton Friedman and other critics often asked if it was the business of businesses to practice corporate altruism.

It's on altruism and chimpanzees where the question is, do chimpanzees care about the welfare of somebody else?

Fortunately, more and more people are understanding this idea, and the result is a growing movement effective altruism.

It's on altruism and chimpanzees, where the question is Do chimpanzees care about the welfare of somebody else?

Huxley, in fact, got himself into quite a heated argument over whether blood kinship could or could not explain altruism.

Altruism, where it existed, also was undertaken by the family, which decided how and on what to spend its money.

There is also an added advantage in replacing CSR with PSR there is virtue in diversity of approaches to altruism.

Instead, what is now known as Hamilton s Rule states that altruism evolves whenever r times b is greater than c.

It's the opposite on the left side more tendency to altruism, to happiness, to express, and curiosity and so forth.

Now, there's more good news that came along later in evolution, a second kind of evolutionary logic. Biologists call that reciprocal altruism. OK.

Similarly, social networks are required for the spread of good and valuable things, like love and kindness and happiness and altruism and ideas.

And a story couched in these realist terms is likely to be easier to sell to domestic constituencies than one pitched as disinterested altruism.

Using some beautiful mathematics, in the early 1960 s Hamilton discovered that altruism and blood kinship are not linked by an all or nothing relationship.

Only a civil society, in which active citizens are freely engaged in public life and show altruism and solidarity with others, can keep democracy vital.

So, I would say that what seems sometimes to be altruism, in relation to Africa, or in relation to developing countries, is more than that.

As the value of altruism becomes increasingly obvious, the new approach will spread through the economy, benefiting all of society, future generations, and the planet, too.

And we started exploring all kinds of other phenomena. We looked at smoking and drinking behavior, and voting behavior, and divorce which can spread and altruism.

Given Darwin s ideas about evolution natural selection were correct (and, of course, they were and are), then this sort of altruism should be extraordinarily rare in nature.

And I think that's why many of the most significant people in effective altruism have been people who have had backgrounds in philosophy or economics or math.