Presumption of nationality

The notion of authorship is thrown in doubt.

This has sometimes happened in the past without disturbing authorship.

S. Papaioannou, Michael Psellos Rhetoric and Authorship in Byzantium, Cambridge 2013.

Only in exceptional cases can this presumption be overturned.

I have called this presumption a quasi Marxist fallacy.

But the presumption in favor of light financial sector regulation now has few defenders.

Nowadays, most of the West senses the arrogant presumption at the heart of that old belief.

While rejection of this presumption landed Michael Boskin, Chairman of President George H.W. Bush s Council of Economic Advisers, in rough political waters, the presumption prompted a reporter to go and check the matter for himself.

(v) Authorship the report shall clearly identify those carrying out the examination and shall be signed.

Supervisors should be bound by a presumption that they will act.

In public discussions there is often a presumption that it is the task of the medical profession.

There is a long standing presumption of sovereign immunity states can be sued only under limited circumstances.

One has the presumption that everything is paid or that it could be paid.

Always there is the presumption that gay people are fundamentally different from us normal people.

The presumption that China wants Hong Kong to become more like the mainland is ludicrous.

England was a pioneer in industrialization, and was deeply shocked by the presumption of newcomers who soon entered the same stage.

Another part of the social media debate around the presumption of trust for Russian police revolved around comparisons with similar legislation in other countries.

The revolution s veterans refuse to discuss their arrogant presumption of natural Redness, or to mention that they rebelled because they wanted power.

The presumption was that the outcome of such a process almost surely would be a managing director from an emerging market country.

But there is a presumption that the candidate cannot be over 65, which would exclude him (and Fischer).

It ordered the withdrawal from Gaza in order to stop the cycle of violence there, on the presumption that Israeli territory proper would not be attacked.

Then foregoing landing fees is tantamount to giving Ryanair state aid the presumption being that the lost revenue must be coming at the expense of Belgian taxpayers.

This often made it difficult to attribute authorship, because a text might consist of a copied lecture in which the copyist s comments were inserted and then perhaps altered as the book passed to other hands.

Our answer is that there should be a presumption that state aid to any industry or specific company must be subject to prohibition.

On the US side, a lingering Cold War mentality, combined with the presumption of US economic superiority, has meant that economic issues are still deemed subservient to geo political concerns.

It can also establish a basic presumption of scientific openness and transparency, while allowing for exceptions when there is a real risk that scientific knowledge could be used to cause serious harm.

It can also establish a basic presumption of scientific openness and transparency, while allowing for exceptions when there is a real risk that scientific knowledge could be used to cause serious harm.

But investment agreements like those backed by the US demand that developing countries waive this presumption and permit the adjudication of suits according to procedures that fall far short of those expected in twenty first century democracies.

5. The sole fact that a party makes use of a domain name or electronic mail address connected to a specific country does not create a presumption that its place of business is located in that country.

Iran s hardliners play up doubts that the West will ever agree to lift the sanctions, while their Western counterparts will do whatever they can to support that presumption.

In effect, the presumption is that capital losses are random, so the sharp reversals and losses that usually ensue after excessive upswings in prices are disregarded in risk calculations.

Whenever someone proposes turning the eurozone into a transfer union, as France s economy minister, Emmanuel Macron, recently did, the presumption is that Germany will carry everyone else on its shoulders.

But the war on terror did not warrant the decision to attack a sovereign state and topple its government on the flawed presumption that it housed weapons of mass destruction and was linked to the 2001 attacks.

Back then, I was already venturing what is, for economists, a heretical presumption that chaos theory should be applied to the economy that devastating effects can follow from the smallest causes.

There is also another central question that has not yet been granted the attention it merits who should actually take responsibility for the assistance? In public discussions there is often a presumption that it is the task of the medical profession.

Second, new capital ratios with multiple and decreasing capital thresholds, which trigger increasingly intrusive corrective action, should serve as the basis for a new system of mandated supervisory action. Supervisors should be bound by a presumption that they will act.

Recently, The Financial Times asked where the German economists are who defend Germany s policies, voicing the presumption that they disagree with their government s policies but are too cowardly to say so publicly, thus conforming to the rituals of the German consensus society.

Only such a culture one that undermined the longstanding presumption that an accused person is innocent until proven guilty could produce the Bush administration's niggling legal distinctions concerning what is and what is not torture.

Realpolitik might mean that there will be senior people from both China and the US in the top management team, but the presumption that the number two position should be filled by an American also has to go.

Finally, as a new order seemed to emerge in the aftermath of the US made Great Recession, the G 20 agreed (or so it was thought) that the next IMF head would be chosen in an open and transparent manner. The presumption was that the outcome of such a process almost surely would be a managing director from an emerging market country.

(ii) Denial of freedom of expression, including freedom of the media, of association, of assembly and of movement

Proof of time of contract of assignment

Criminalization of the laundering of proceeds of crime

of Guatemala of Honduras